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10 largest cities in California (2005 est.)
Los Angeles, 3,844,829; San Diego, 1,255,540; San Jose, 912,332; San Francisco, 739,426; Long Beach, 474,014; Fresno, 461,116; Sacramento, 456,441; Oakland, 395,274; Santa Ana, 340,368; Anaheim, 331,804

California became a U.S. territory in 1847 when Mexico surrendered it to John C. Frémont. On Jan. 24, 1848, James W. Marshall discovered gold at Sutter's Mill, starting the California Gold Rush and bringing settlers to the state in large numbers. By 1964, California had surpassed New York to become the most populous state. One reason for this may be that more immigrants settle in California than any other state—more than one-third of the nation's total in 1994. Asians and Pacific Islanders led the influx.

Death Valley, in the southeast, is 282 ft below sea level, the lowest point in the nation. Mt. Whitney (14,491 ft) is the highest point in the contiguous 48 states. Lassen Peak is one of two active U.S. volcanoes outside of Alaska and Hawaii; its last eruptions were recorded in 1917.

Other points of interest include Yosemite National Park, Disneyland, Hollywood, the Golden Gate Bridge, Sequoia National Park, San Simeon State Park, and Point Reyes National Seashore.

California Housing Statistics
Median Housing Value of Owner-Occupied Housing Units 391,102
Median Monthly Housing Costs for Owner-occupied Housing Units With a Mortgage 1,733
Median Monthly Housing Costs for Renter-occupied Housing Units 914
Percent of Housing Units That Were Built in 1939 or Earlier 9.9 %
Percent of Housing Units That Were Built in 2000 or Later 4.8 %
Percent of Housing Units That are Mobile Homes 4.4 %
Percent of Mortgaged Owners Spending 30% or More of Household Income on Selected Monthly Owner Costs 44.1 %
Percent of Occupied Housing Units That are Owner-occupied 58.6 %
Percent of Renter-occupied Units Spending 30% or More of Household Income on Rent and Utilities 49.9 %